ANALISIS LAPORAN KEUANGAN DALAM MENILAI KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PT. PERTAMINA (PERSERO) PERIODE 2019 - 2023

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perputaran persediaan dan modal kerja untuk menilai kinerja keuangan pada PT. Pertamina (Persero). Jenis penelitian ini menjelaskan Populasi dalam penelitian ini ialah data laporan keuangan PT. Pertamina (Persero) terhadap periode 2019-2023. Teknik Pengambilan sampel penelitian ini adalah data dari laporan keuangan PT. Pertamina (Persero). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan data keuangan PT. Pertamina (Persero) secara ekslusif dari laporan keuangan yang dipublikasikan secara resmi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan Inventory Turn Over, Working Capital Turn, adapun rasio profitabilitas yang terdiri dari Net Profit Margin (NPM), Gross Profit margin (GPM), Return On Asset (ROA), Return On Equity (ROE), serta Return On Investment (ROI) untuk mengetahui profitabilitas yang di hasilkan PT. Pertamina (Persero) apakah meningkat atau menurun pendapatan asetnya terhadap periode 2019-2023. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan fluktuasi perputaran persediaan selama periode 2019-2023 sangat dipengaruhi oleh pandemi COVID-19, kemudian perubahan modal kerja sangat dipengaruhi oleh dinamika pasar global, terutama pandemi COVID-19  Persediaan: Fluktuasi signifikan akibat penurunan permintaan, gangguan rantai pasok, dan perubahan kebijakan pemerintah. Perlu evaluasi sistem manajemen persediaan.  Modal Kerja: Terpengaruh dinamika pasar energi global. Menurun pada 2020 sebesar 221.250.812.400, namun pulih sejak 2021 sebesar 263.394.016.780. Perlu pemantauan pasar dan strategi yang tepat.  Likuiditas: Menurun sementara akibat pandemi, namun membaik pada 2023 sebesar 2.04. Perlu optimalkan pengelolaan kas, persediaan, dan hubungan dengan lembaga keuangan.  Profitabilitas: Terpengaruh dinamika pasar. Menurun pada 2020-2021 sebesar 1.67%, namun pulih pada 2022-2023 sebesar 0.02%. Perlu inovasi, efisiensi, dan penguatan posisi kompetitif. Solvabilitas: Perlu peningkatan efisiensi operasional dan pengelolaan struktur modal yang hati-hati.Aktivitas: Terjadi perbaikan efisiensi penggunaan aset, terutama dalam pengelolaan piutang. Namun, perlu peningkatan dalam pengelolaan persediaan dan pemanfaatan aktiva tetap.

The study aims to determine how inventory turnover and working capital are used to assess financial performance at PT. Pertamina (Persero). This type of research explains The population in this study is the financial report data of PT. Pertamina (Persero) for the period 2019-2023. The sampling technique for this study is data from the financial report of PT. Pertamina (Persero). Data collection was carried out with financial data of PT. Pertamina (Persero) exclusively from officially published financial reports. The data analysis technique used is to use Inventory Turn Over, Working Capital Turn, as well as profitability ratios consisting of Net Profit Margin (NPM), Gross Profit Margin (GPM), Return On Asset (ROA), Return On Equity (ROE), and Return On Investment (ROI) to determine the profitability generated by PT. Pertamina (Persero) whether its asset income has increased or decreased for the 2019-2023 period. The results of this study show that fluctuations in inventory turnover during the 2019-2023 period were greatly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, then changes in working capital were greatly influenced by global market dynamics, especially the COVID-19 pandemic. Inventory: Significant fluctuations due to decreased demand, supply chain disruptions, and changes in government policy. Need to evaluate the inventory management system. Working Capital: Affected by global energy market dynamics. Decreased in 2020 by 221,250,812,400, but recovered since 2021 by 263,394,016,780. Market monitoring and appropriate strategy are needed. Liquidity: Temporarily decreased due to the pandemic, but improved in 2023 by 2.04. Need to optimize cash management, inventory, and relationships with financial institutions. Profitability: Affected by market dynamics. Decreased in 2020-2021 by 1.67%, but recovered in 2022-2023 by 0.02%. Need innovation, efficiency, and strengthening of competitive position. Solvency: Need to improve operational efficiency and prudent capital structure management. Activity: There has been an improvement in the efficiency of asset use, especially in the management of receivables. However, improvements are needed in inventory management and utilization of fixed assets.